It can absolutely lead to jail. Don't pay the fine in time, suspended license. Driving on a suspended license? Arrestable offense. Miss your court date? Warrant. Even if you go to court and they put you on a payment plan, that gives you a few months to pay it, costs even more, and if you don't pay in time you've violated a court order.
If you don't pay a probation fine in time, you can quickly go right back to jail to serve the remainder of your sentence.