That's the beauty of serving mostly read-only data - you can just cache the most frequented pages. I can't think of a time that I clicked on a link for Stack Exchange that wasn't served via a search engine. I've never purposefully clicked a link from within Stack Exchange, and I've never posted any answers. I can thank those who do for enabling my success in my career, but I'm willing to bet that most Stack Exchange users are just like me.
"I've never purposefully clicked a link from within Stack Exchange..."
How do you resist those crazy unrelated questions in the sidebar? Currently shown for me:
Did Shadowfax go to Valinor?
Is it legal for company to use my work email to pretend I still work there?
Why can't we play rap on piano?
Can a virus destroy the BIOS of a modern computer?
Ha! I do this too. Just the other day I was pair programming with someone who asked "why don't you have those super stupid questions on the right nav bar?"
That shadowfax one, quora is horrible that way too. You're interested in one bit of canon triva one time, and the site immediately assumes that particular story is all you want to read about, every day for months.
Also, caching at the correct granularity. I've seen too many systems that cache on a fine grained level and performance drops because because there are so many cache lookups, even with an in memory cache.
https://nickcraver.com/blog/2016/02/17/stack-overflow-the-ar...
Lots of caching (redis, CloudFlare) and trying not to use the database unless absolutely necessary, I would expect.