>> While electric cars may help a bit, rubber from breaking and tyres is an issue
In what way are they an issue?
Tyre emissions are around 1/20th of the PM2.5 ejected from the exhaust and the airborne proportion is even smaller.
Edit:
"Committee on the Medical Effects of Air Pollutants" has a fairly non-commital "needs more study" finding but they did say "Non-exhaust particulate matter (PM) emissions, ie from brake wear,
tyre wear, road surface wear and re-suspended road dust currently comprise just
under 10% of UK primary particulate emissions and they are expected to become
proportionately more important, as vehicle exhaust PM emissions from road
transport are expected to decrease over the coming years"
New research is also showing that type particles are a far bigger source of pollution in waterways than anyone seems to have expected, both in particulates and dissolved chemicals.
In what way are they an issue?
Tyre emissions are around 1/20th of the PM2.5 ejected from the exhaust and the airborne proportion is even smaller.
Edit:
"Committee on the Medical Effects of Air Pollutants" has a fairly non-commital "needs more study" finding but they did say "Non-exhaust particulate matter (PM) emissions, ie from brake wear, tyre wear, road surface wear and re-suspended road dust currently comprise just under 10% of UK primary particulate emissions and they are expected to become proportionately more important, as vehicle exhaust PM emissions from road transport are expected to decrease over the coming years"
https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/...