The problem with the 10x vs. 1x statement is that the 10x people are not constantly 10x better than the median. The environment in which they are placed has a lot to do with it. Circumstantial mediocrity is often a consequence of poor management, and the product release cycle is the petri dish of mediocrity.
So a common problem arising from this situation is the choice between leaving a 10x-er on the line or promoting him to do other things. It's a trade-off. If you choose the former, you maintain increased productivity, but the exceptional developer will eventually get bored and leave; if you choose the latter, you end up watering down your production pool, and risk placing the developer in a role where he might not be a 10x-er.
Constant [relative] mediocrity in a given developer pool is the stable state in either case.
So a common problem arising from this situation is the choice between leaving a 10x-er on the line or promoting him to do other things. It's a trade-off. If you choose the former, you maintain increased productivity, but the exceptional developer will eventually get bored and leave; if you choose the latter, you end up watering down your production pool, and risk placing the developer in a role where he might not be a 10x-er.
Constant [relative] mediocrity in a given developer pool is the stable state in either case.