It further concludes:
> High doses of nicotine or repeated exposure may also promote anxiety (citing 3 studies)
> low doses of nicotine have a similar effect to decrease anxiety behaviours [...] whereas high doses of nicotine promote anxiety behaviours
The effects of nicotine as an anxiolytic are well known:
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12151749/
Rat studies to find dose limits are a valid case for rat studies.
It further concludes:
> High doses of nicotine or repeated exposure may also promote anxiety (citing 3 studies)
> low doses of nicotine have a similar effect to decrease anxiety behaviours [...] whereas high doses of nicotine promote anxiety behaviours