What determines the amount of information? Is it the total values the gravity could have had with unlimited mass? The number of values that are less than the one it is observed to be? All the values in the probability distribution for some uncertainty thing?
If you have a carbon atom, does it have unlimited information because it theoretically could instead have been some other number of atoms?
Noise. Your ability to distinguish between states.
> If you have a carbon atom, does it have unlimited information because it theoretically could instead have been some other number of atom
You don't even need that. A single hydrogen atom has an infinite number of bounded energy states. In principle, you could store infinite information by putting an electron in the nth energy state and keeping it there.
If you have a carbon atom, does it have unlimited information because it theoretically could instead have been some other number of atoms?