My subconscious has just dredged up the memory "you take a good long whiff of the acid, and .. whoah, talk about clean sinuses!". That might have been from the later remastered SQ I even?
If I remember correctly that is the only real game over in any later Lucasfilm/LucasArts adventure game.
EDIT: I just remembered the jumping puzzle in Indy3 where you died all the time when jumping on the wrong tile. Or the Knight Statue that axed either Indy or his father. Or you got shot when you punched Hitler...
You could also die in Manic Mansion and Zak McKracken.
Lucasfilm games killed you quite a lot. LucasArts stopped doing that.