Yes, this is the difference between more typically Western European surnames and patro/matronyms. Russians typically have both, many Americans of Scandinavian descent have whatever patronym their paternal n-th grandfather had when they switched customs. I believe that's become the case for many Scandinavians of Scandinavian descent as well.

But in any case, these are names which come from the family. By Appeal to Wikipedia, "family name" redirects here:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surname

> A surname, family name, or last name is the mostly hereditary portion of one's personal name that indicates one's family.

Which links to this:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patronymic_surname

Having this sentence:

> Nearly all [[Icelandic surnames]] are strictly patronymic

Linking to this:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Icelandic_name

Where these are also described as a surname.

Note that this is different from having one, two, or several given names, as the whole of someone's name. That happens as well. Such a person has no family name, unlike someone with a surname, or surnames, be they patronymic, matronymic, or otherwise.

> I believe that's become the case for many Scandinavians of Scandinavian descent as well.

That's true. I'm Swedish, and Sweden shifted in mid/late 1800s. Some families just kept the name they had, and some made up a nice sounding family name, typically nature related.