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Always a joy when os2museum updates.

I, too, remember the trifecta of APPEND, JOIN, and SUBST. And while I always thought they were interesting, I was also wondering for most of them when I would ever use that. At the time, DOS versions and hence applications for it that don’t know subdirectories didn’t cross my mind, as my first DOS version was 2.11, I think.



When I got my fancy 1.6 GB harddisk I used `subst R: .\cd` to run my games needing the CD in the drive from a directory on the harddrive instead. Boy did load times improve a ton.


CD-ROMs were extremely slow from a modern point of view. The original 1x speed was 150 KB/s, or 1.2 Mbps.

That’s like trying to stream over a 3G mobile network with substantial packet loss, except it’s physically inside your computer.


Plus 400-500ms seek times and a driver that might suck up all your precious CPU when reading data


SUBST was commonly used for source code directories. It served at least two purposes: making source appear at the same location on all machines and working around path length limits.

I've also used SUBST when reorganizing network drive mappings.




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