>> "Does it matter where I was? You just said I didn't steal it. So you believe me right?"
Now your questioning has gone off the rails and your subject has placed the emphasis on you justifying your reasoning.
Even the follow up questions you have utterly smack of a Columbo-like approach which really only works in movies.
>> A: So let me confirm this one more time, you were busy last night, had dinner with your friend Bob, then went out for a drink?
Response : "Why do you need it confirmed? We have been over this. Are you asking if I was busy all night?"
^^
Not to mention in your own example you have proven why you would be terrible at this.
You wrote the answer of the subject as saying I went out after I had dinner to meet my friend Bob for a drink.
Then you tried to follow up with "...had dinner with your friend Bob.
At no point did the subject say that, they said they had dinner and then met Bob for a drink. So you are seeking a false confirmation for a version of events the questioner has manufactured.
A: Ok, you didn't steal it, but where were you last night?
B: I went out after I had dinner to meet my friend Bob for a drink.
Fast forward 20 minutes...
A: So let me confirm this one more time, you were busy last night, had dinner with your friend Bob, then went out for a drink?
Gauge their response, see if they correct you and say no, they met Bob after dinner, sticking to their original facts.